我国形成跨区域协调发展新格局-pg电子游戏官网入口
发布时间：
2018-11-09
近日，中央正式宣布支持长江三角洲区域一体化发展并上升为国家战略。在此背景下，我国已形成长江三角洲区域一体化、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展、粤港澳大湾区建设的四大跨区域协调发展的区域发展总体格局。中国国际经济交流中心产业规划部部长王福强表示，国家级区域发展战略空间布局路径渐清晰
近日，中央正式宣布支持长江三角洲区域一体化发展并上升为国家战略。在此背景下，我国已形成长江三角洲区域一体化、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展、粤港澳大湾区建设的四大跨区域协调发展的区域发展总体格局。
中国国际经济交流中心产业规划部部长王福强表示，国家级区域发展战略空间布局路径渐清晰，我国区域发展已从过去的单个区域发展，转向推进多区域跨区域协调发展，通过深化区域合作，通过促进要素有序流通，激发区域发展活力。
王福强指出，“跨区域”协调是四大区域战略最明显的特征，即，打破区域行政壁垒，构建新时代区域协调发展的新机制。它有利于推动各地充分发挥比较优势，极大地提高区域经济发展的总体效率。
国家发改委城市中心总工程师、国土产业交通规划院院长张国华此前表示，与发达国家城市对比，我国城市边界交流成本较高，跨区域发展打破壁垒是必然的发展路径。以粤港澳湾区为例，纽约与新泽西边界线1.2公里，经济成本为20公里；美国与加拿大的经济边界约为47公里；香港和深圳虽然仅隔深圳河，但其之间的经济成本实际高达266公里。
边界经济成本高也意味着同等条件下竞争力的下降。资料显示，中国是全球最大的世界工厂，但中国物流、金融、能源等成本仍然较高。具体来看，发达国家企业物流成本占销售额比例为9.5%到10%，但中国企业物流成本占销售额比例则高达20%到40%。
“空间集聚、制度突破将有力减少成本。”张国华表示，在产业空间集聚带来的共享、匹配和学习三个效应下，人均基础设施能耗成本将降低15%，人均生产效率将提高15%到20%。
具体来看，四大战略将承载不同的职责。京津冀协同发展以疏解北京非首都功能，高标准建设雄安新区为抓手。通过北京、天津、河北三地探索出经济人口密集地区优化发展的新模式，打破行政壁垒，实现跨行政区的要素有序流动，解决了过去长期想解决而没有解决的问题。
长江经济带推动沿江11个省市联动发展，通过长江黄金水道串联起长三角地区、长江中游地区、成渝经济区，有效发挥了各地区的比较优势，“共抓大保护，不搞大开发”，生态优先，绿色为主，主要体现保护功能。
粤港澳大湾区建设方面，包括广东省的广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、惠州、东莞、中山、江门、肇庆9市和香港、澳门两个特别行政区，全面推进内地和港澳的互利合作，推动经济高质量发展的新平台，建设可持续发展的超级都市圈，打造湾区经济，建立对外贸易平台。
张国华说，从世界贸易来看，环印度洋国家拥有全世界46%的人口，粤港澳大湾区城市群是环太平洋和环印度洋两个贸易圈结合的重要战略空间。其将改变过去35年重点关注环太平洋的单向开放格局，将国内多个区域联系起来，通过市场力量推动区域发展、促进区域互动，形成中国对环太平洋和新兴市场经济体并重的“双扇面”开放格局。
长江三角洲区域一体化发展方面，南京都市圈、杭州都市圈、合肥都市圈、苏锡常都市圈、宁波都市圈等在现代经济体系和治理体系建设方面已相对成熟，有利于理顺我国区域发展格局，促进各大区域战略的互补互动、互联互通。
中国社科院城市与竞争力研究中心主任倪鹏飞表示，在东部转移的背景下，中西部之间竞争激烈，虽然西部获得了一定发展，但中部转型依然缓慢。要实现区域协调发展，关键是要加快基础较好的东部地区发展，通过深化区域合作带动中西部联动发展，这是长江经济带所要实现的战略意图。
“长三角一体化上升为国家战略，能够提升区域和国家竞争力，更好地参与国际竞争与合作。”倪鹏飞说。从长三角城市群的发展来看，中心城市上海在经济实力、科创实力、国际竞争能力等方面表现突出，带动城市及区域共同体发展作用显著。同时，有利于理顺我国区域发展格局，促进各大区域战略互补互动、互联互通，带动我国实现陆海全域发展。
王福强说，跨区域协调发展是我国未来区域发展主要着力点，旨在打破行政区划藩篱，提高产业集聚与关联度，促进城市间功能互补，降低生产生活成本，提升区域综合实力和竞争优势，未来将支持多平台先行先试，支持行政区划管理模式创新，探索利益补偿机制等多种试点。
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